Stress Fractures

Foot and ankle stress fractures are tiny cracks in the bone caused by overuse or repetitive stress, commonly seen in athletes and those who suddenly increase activity levels.

Causes:

Overuse/Repetitive Stress:

Stress fractures occur when repetitive force, often from activities like running, jumping, or walking, causes microscopic damage to the bone over time.

Increased Intensity:

A sudden increase in the intensity or duration of physical activity can lead to stress fractures.

Inadequate Rest:

Not allowing bones enough time to recover between workouts can contribute to stress fractures.

Weakened Bones:

Conditions like osteoporosis or other diseases that weaken bones can make them more susceptible to stress fractures even with normal activities.

Improper Footwear:

Wearing shoes that don't provide adequate support can increase the risk of stress fractures.

High impact sports:

Athletes participating in high-impact sports like basketball, tennis, gymnastics, dance, and track and field are at higher risk.

Symptoms:

People with stress fractures could experience gradual pain. This pain typically starts as a dull ache that worsens during activity and subsides with rest. They could also experience tenderness; the site of the fracture might be painful to the touch. Swelling around the affected area is also common. In some cases, bruising may occur, though it's not always present. Lastly, people could experience difficulty walking or putting weight on the affected foot or ankle.

Diagnosis:

A doctor will assess your symptoms and conduct a physical exam, noting areas of tenderness. X-rays, MRIs, or bone scans can help confirm the diagnosis and determine the severity of the fracture.

Treatment:

Custom orthotics:

To correct high arches (Pes Cavus) or flat feet (Pes Planus).

Rest and Activity Modification:

Avoiding activities that aggravate the pain is crucial for healing.

Non-Weightbearing: For some cases, a walking boot or crutches may be needed to reduce weight-bearing on the foot or ankle.

Medications:

Pain relievers or anti-inflammatory medications may be used to manage pain and inflammation.

Physical Therapy:

A physical therapist can help you regain strength and range of motion once the fracture has healed.

Surgery:

In rare cases, surgery may be needed to stabilize a fracture or address a non-union or delayed union.

Nutritional Support:

Supplementing with calcium and vitamin D can support bone health and healing.